Mineral deposits tend to occur in groups, which reflect the coincidence of factors favouring their formation. This tendency is the underlying cause of the Elephant Country phenomenon if you want to find elephants, look where elephants are known to occur. In this sense, Tanzania is Elephant Country because most of the known mineral deposits can be related to their causative factors and many are of impressive size.

Mineral deposits models are the idealized characterization of closely related mineral deposits. For example, kimberlite diamond deposits, while marine placers are a completely different, but equally important type of diamond type of diamond deposit. Several publications over the years have classified mineral deposits into formal models. Two such widely used publications are by Eckstrand (1984) of the Geological Survey of Canada, and by Cox and Singer (1986) of the U.S Geological Survey. Reference is made here to these two complications where appropriate to provide concise, standardized descriptions.

The grouping of mineral deposits is fairly obvious for Tanzania's principal mineral products of gold,

Gemstones and diamonds.

Readily apparent grouping of deposits include:

        Gold deposits hosted by the Achaean

• Greenstones and banded iron formations of the Lake Victoria goldfields

Diamond bearing kimberlitic in the central part of the Tanzania Craton.Tin and tungsten in the Karangwe Ankolean.Supergroup of northwest Tanzania.

• Carbonatites clustered in the north part of the Eastern Rift and the Western Rift Between lakes Rukwa and Nyasa.

• Major gemstone districts concentrated in the Palaeoproterozoic Usagaran Supergroup.

There are obviously many important deposits Or district which do not fall into these Groupings; for example, the Mpanda base.Metal and gold district, the Lupa goldfield and

Isolated carbonatites. However, even if some Of the carbonatites occur singly, it is still Apparent that most if not all appear near Cenozoic rift faults. This observation in itself  Could aid in exploring for new carbonatites, or

In evaluating known example. Both Eckstrand [1984, type 16, carbonatite-hosted deposits] and Cox and Singer [1986, model 10 carbonatite deposits] note that carbonatites frequently tend to occur along deep crustal fractures. The Tanzanian examples conform to this observation.

Conversely,geological environment occur in Tanzania which are known on a global basis Host certain mineral deposit types, but for Which commercial example have yet to be Found here. Some of the most obvious are the Various types of massive sulphide deposits Which may contain copper, lead, zinc, silver,Etc. These occur in Canada  Archaean Greenstone belt [Eckstrand, 1984, type9.1 And possibly others] and in Precambrian Terrains elsewhere. Yet there has been no Significant production from this type of deposit

In Tanzania. However,there is a possibility of  Discovering economic zinc deposits in the Nzega greenstone belt Despite the favourable metallogeny Comparable to that of well-developed mining Industries, Tanzania  mineral potential had Been seriously under-explored, due to a dearth Of risk capital for exploration during the past 30 Year from the mid 1960s. This dilemma was Recognized and an internationally competitive .Investment environment for the mineral sector Was put in place.Consequently, there was an Exploration boom, which led to the discovery of  Deposits and subsequent development of six Large-scale gold mines two of which are world Class[Fig.13].Ones purpose of this brochure is to bring to the Attention of the mining community more Opportunities for investment, such as the ones Figure 13: Current Mines and Prospects around Lake Victoria Region as of 2005 Described earlier. The Opportunities  described in the various chapters of this Publication involve various degree of technical Risk, but also have potential rewards as is well Demonstrated by recent achievements.